{"id":928,"date":"2009-12-31T18:24:23","date_gmt":"2009-12-31T16:24:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/matzpen.org\/english\/?p=928"},"modified":"2026-07-18T14:13:57","modified_gmt":"2026-07-18T11:13:57","slug":"giyora-neumann-jai-dit-non-a-larmee","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/matzpen.org\/english\/2009-12-31\/giyora-neumann-jai-dit-non-a-larmee\/","title":{"rendered":"Giyora Neumann: J\u2019ai Dit Non \u00e0 L\u2019arm\u00e9e Isra\u00e9lienne"},"content":{"rendered":"
ngg_shortcode_0_placeholderGiyora Neumann. Un an dans une prison militaire (photo: Martin Barzilai)<\/strong><\/h6>\n

Entre 2007 et 2017, le photographe Martin Barzilai a rencontr\u00e9 \u00e0 plusieurs reprises une cinquantaine de ces Isra\u00e9liens dits \u00ab refuzniks \u00bb, qui refusent, pour des raisons politiques ou morales, de servir une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 militaris\u00e9e \u00e0 l\u2019extr\u00eame o\u00f9 le passage par l\u2019arm\u00e9e est constitutif de la citoyennet\u00e9. Voici l’interview, tir\u00e9e du livre, avec l’un des refuzniks, Giyora Neumann, membre de Matzpen.<\/p>\n

GIYORA NEUMANN
\n<\/strong>55 ANS, JOURNALISTE, TEL AVIV
\n<\/strong>2009<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00ab J’avais 17 ans en 1971 quand j’ai \u00e9t\u00e9 emprisonn\u00e9 pour avoir refus\u00e9 de faire mon service militaire et afrirm\u00e9 mon opposition \u00e0 l’occupation des territoires palestiniens. J’\u00e9tais militant de Matzpen, un parti politique socialiste, r\u00e9volutionnaire et antisioniste. J’\u00e9tais aussi contre l’occupation pour des raisons personnelles. Ma famille avait souffert d\u2019une autre occupation en Pologne. C’\u00e9tait un sentiment tr\u00e8s fort dans mon entourage. Moralement, mes parents comprenaient ma position m\u00eame s’ils avaient peur. Peut-\u00eatre que d’un point de vue soci\u00e9tal, ils en ont plus souffert que moi.<\/p>\n

J’\u00e9tais le premier \u00e0 refuser et je ne savais pas du tout ce qui allait m’arriver. Dans mon organisation politique, le soutien \u00e9tait loin d’\u00eatre total. Officiellement, le parti d\u00e9fendait le droit au refus, mais le discours interne \u00e9tait qu’il fallait effectuer son service pour se fondre dans les masses. Ceux qui me soutenaient \u00e9taient les moins dogmatiques.<\/p>\n

J\u2019ai pass\u00e9 un an dans une prison militaire, de novembre 1971 \u00e0 novembre 1972. \u00c0 l’\u00e9poque, la coh\u00e9sion nationale \u00e9tait tr\u00e8s forte. Aujourd’hui, on peut finalement faire plus de choses, parce que la plupart des gens ne se sentent pas concern\u00e9s. En 1971, ma position \u00e9tait particuli\u00e8rement provocatrice. Dans la presse les journalistes me traitaient de l\u00e2che.<\/p>\n

L’arm\u00e9e avait peur de l’effet domino. Ils ont us\u00e9 de bien des moyens pour me persuader d’arr\u00eater mon insoumission. Certains g\u00e9n\u00e9raux sont venus me voir en cellule en jouant sur une corde sensible de gauche : “Nous avons besoin de gens comme toi dans l’arm\u00e9e, il ne faut pas laisser le champ \u00e0 l’extr\u00eame droite.” Ils essayaient de me convaincre que nous \u00e9tions dans le m\u00eame camp. En haut lieu, Moshe Dayan, le ministre de la D\u00e9fense, avouait son d\u00e9sarroi face \u00e0 mon cas.<\/p>\n

C’est Golda Meir, alors Premier ministre, qui d\u00e9cida de me laisser en prison. Il faut croire que pour eux, j’\u00e9tais tr\u00e8s dangereux.<\/p>\n

Mon affaire a fait d\u00e9bat dans la gauche isra\u00e9lienne. En 1972, les cons\u00e9quences ne se firent pas attendre : des r\u00e9servistes refus\u00e8rent d’aller dans les territoires occup\u00e9s. Par la suite, un nombre grandissant d’Isra\u00e9liens sionistes, de gauche mod\u00e9r\u00e9e, acceptaient de faire l’arm\u00e9e mais refusaient de franchir la ligne verte.<\/p>\n

En prison, j’ai pu voir la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 isra\u00e9lienne d’en bas, des personnes extr\u00eamement pauvres. Aujourd’hui, je ne regrette absolument pas. C’est sans doute l’acte de ma vie qui a le plus de sens !<\/p>\n

Apr\u00e8s mes \u00e9tudes, j’ai travaill\u00e9 comme journaliste pour un magazine d’opposition auquel participaient les dissidents de toutes sortes. Je n’ai jamais eu trop de probl\u00e8me pour trouver un emploi parce que je n’ai jamais essay\u00e9 de travailler avec l’establishment. \u00bb<\/p>\n

—————<\/p>\n

ngg_shortcode_1_placeholderRefuzniks – Dire non \u00e0 l\u2019arm\u00e9e en Isra\u00ebl<\/strong><\/h6>\n

Ils s\u2019appellent Tamar, Yaron ou Gal, ils sont \u00e9tudiants, agriculteurs, postiers, anciens officiers ou parlementaires. Ils vivent \u00e0 Tel Aviv ou \u00e0 J\u00e9rusalem, ils ont 20, 40 ou 60 ans.<\/p>\n

Entre 2007 et 2017, le photographe Martin Barzilai a rencontr\u00e9 \u00e0 plusieurs reprises une cinquantaine de ces Isra\u00e9liens dits \u00ab refuzniks \u00bb, qui refusent, pour des raisons politiques ou morales, de servir une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 militaris\u00e9e \u00e0 l\u2019extr\u00eame o\u00f9 le passage par l\u2019arm\u00e9e est constitutif de la citoyennet\u00e9.<\/p>\n

En filigrane, ces refuzniks racontent toute l\u2019histoire d\u2019Isra\u00ebl, ses failles et ses contradictions, son caract\u00e8re pluriel. Et dressent le portrait d\u2019une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 o\u00f9 tout devra \u00eatre repens\u00e9 pour construire un futur moins sombre.<\/p>\n

Martin Barzilai est n\u00e9 \u00e0 Montevideo, en Uruguay. Il obtient en 1994 le dipl\u00f4me de l\u2019\u00c9cole nationale sup\u00e9rieure Louis-Lumi\u00e8re \u00e0 Paris. Il parcourt ensuite l\u2019Am\u00e9rique du Sud, o\u00f9 il s\u2019int\u00e9resse aux probl\u00e8mes politiques et sociaux. Il r\u00e9alisera aussi plusieurs reportages en Isra\u00ebl-Palestine et en Tunisie. Il collabore \u00e0 de nombreux titres de presse fran\u00e7ais (Le Monde<\/em>, T\u00e9l\u00e9rama<\/em>, Courrier international<\/em>, L\u2019Obs<\/em>) et internationaux (New York Times<\/em>, Time Out<\/em>). Il conjugue commandes de presse et travail ind\u00e9pendant.<\/p>\n

\u00c9dition Libertalia<\/a>, 2017.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

J’avais 17 ans en 1971 quand j’ai \u00e9t\u00e9 emprisonn\u00e9 pour avoir\u00a0refus\u00e9 de faire mon service militaire et afrirm\u00e9 mon opposition \u00e0\u00a0I’occupation des territoires palestiniens. C’est sans doute l’acte de ma vie qui a le plus de sens !<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,127],"tags":[125,126],"class_list":["post-928","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-documents","category-francais","tag-giyora-neumann","tag-martin-barzilai"],"yoast_head":"\nGiyora Neumann: J\u2019ai Dit Non \u00e0 L\u2019arm\u00e9e Isra\u00e9lienne - Matzpen.org\/English<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/matzpen.org\/english\/2009-12-31\/giyora-neumann-jai-dit-non-a-larmee\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Giyora Neumann: J\u2019ai Dit Non \u00e0 L\u2019arm\u00e9e Isra\u00e9lienne - Matzpen.org\/English\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"J'avais 17 ans en 1971 quand j'ai \u00e9t\u00e9 emprisonn\u00e9 pour avoir\u00a0refus\u00e9 de faire mon service militaire et afrirm\u00e9 mon opposition \u00e0\u00a0I'occupation des territoires palestiniens. C'est sans doute l'acte de ma vie qui a le plus de sens !\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/matzpen.org\/english\/2009-12-31\/giyora-neumann-jai-dit-non-a-larmee\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Matzpen.org\/English\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/matzpen\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2009-12-31T16:24:23+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-07-18T11:13:57+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Ehud Eingil\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Ehud Eingil\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Estimated reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"ScholarlyArticle\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/matzpen.org\\\/english\\\/2009-12-31\\\/giyora-neumann-jai-dit-non-a-larmee\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/matzpen.org\\\/english\\\/2009-12-31\\\/giyora-neumann-jai-dit-non-a-larmee\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Ehud Eingil\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/matzpen.org\\\/english\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/26d85f9cbf3e802e6ab725c85bdb2f57\"},\"headline\":\"Giyora Neumann: J\u2019ai Dit Non \u00e0 L\u2019arm\u00e9e Isra\u00e9lienne\",\"datePublished\":\"2009-12-31T16:24:23+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-07-18T11:13:57+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/matzpen.org\\\/english\\\/2009-12-31\\\/giyora-neumann-jai-dit-non-a-larmee\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":823,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/matzpen.org\\\/english\\\/#organization\"},\"keywords\":[\"Giyora Neumann\",\"Martin Barzilai\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Documents\",\"Fran\u00e7ais\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/matzpen.org\\\/english\\\/2009-12-31\\\/giyora-neumann-jai-dit-non-a-larmee\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/matzpen.org\\\/english\\\/2009-12-31\\\/giyora-neumann-jai-dit-non-a-larmee\\\/\",\"name\":\"Giyora Neumann: J\u2019ai Dit Non \u00e0 L\u2019arm\u00e9e Isra\u00e9lienne - Matzpen.org\\\/English\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/matzpen.org\\\/english\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2009-12-31T16:24:23+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-07-18T11:13:57+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/matzpen.org\\\/english\\\/2009-12-31\\\/giyora-neumann-jai-dit-non-a-larmee\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/matzpen.org\\\/english\\\/2009-12-31\\\/giyora-neumann-jai-dit-non-a-larmee\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/matzpen.org\\\/english\\\/2009-12-31\\\/giyora-neumann-jai-dit-non-a-larmee\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/matzpen.org\\\/english\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Giyora Neumann: J\u2019ai Dit Non \u00e0 L\u2019arm\u00e9e Isra\u00e9lienne\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/matzpen.org\\\/english\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/matzpen.org\\\/english\\\/\",\"name\":\"Matzpen.org\\\/English\",\"description\":\"Matzpen: The Socialist Organization in Israel\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/matzpen.org\\\/english\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/matzpen.org\\\/english\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/matzpen.org\\\/english\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Matzpen\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/matzpen.org\\\/english\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/matzpen.org\\\/english\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/matzpen.org\\\/english\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2019\\\/08\\\/MatzpenLogoRed6.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/matzpen.org\\\/english\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2019\\\/08\\\/MatzpenLogoRed6.jpg\",\"width\":416,\"height\":134,\"caption\":\"Matzpen\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/matzpen.org\\\/english\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/matzpen\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/@MatzpenOrg\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/matzpen.org\\\/english\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/26d85f9cbf3e802e6ab725c85bdb2f57\",\"name\":\"Ehud Eingil\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/matzpen.org\\\/english\\\/author\\\/eingil\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Giyora Neumann: J\u2019ai Dit Non \u00e0 L\u2019arm\u00e9e Isra\u00e9lienne - Matzpen.org\/English","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/matzpen.org\/english\/2009-12-31\/giyora-neumann-jai-dit-non-a-larmee\/","og_locale":"en_GB","og_type":"article","og_title":"Giyora Neumann: J\u2019ai Dit Non \u00e0 L\u2019arm\u00e9e Isra\u00e9lienne - Matzpen.org\/English","og_description":"J'avais 17 ans en 1971 quand j'ai \u00e9t\u00e9 emprisonn\u00e9 pour avoir\u00a0refus\u00e9 de faire mon service militaire et afrirm\u00e9 mon opposition \u00e0\u00a0I'occupation des territoires palestiniens. C'est sans doute l'acte de ma vie qui a le plus de sens !","og_url":"https:\/\/matzpen.org\/english\/2009-12-31\/giyora-neumann-jai-dit-non-a-larmee\/","og_site_name":"Matzpen.org\/English","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/matzpen","article_published_time":"2009-12-31T16:24:23+00:00","article_modified_time":"2026-07-18T11:13:57+00:00","author":"Ehud Eingil","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Ehud Eingil","Estimated reading time":"4 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"ScholarlyArticle","@id":"https:\/\/matzpen.org\/english\/2009-12-31\/giyora-neumann-jai-dit-non-a-larmee\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/matzpen.org\/english\/2009-12-31\/giyora-neumann-jai-dit-non-a-larmee\/"},"author":{"name":"Ehud Eingil","@id":"https:\/\/matzpen.org\/english\/#\/schema\/person\/26d85f9cbf3e802e6ab725c85bdb2f57"},"headline":"Giyora Neumann: J\u2019ai Dit Non \u00e0 L\u2019arm\u00e9e Isra\u00e9lienne","datePublished":"2009-12-31T16:24:23+00:00","dateModified":"2026-07-18T11:13:57+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/matzpen.org\/english\/2009-12-31\/giyora-neumann-jai-dit-non-a-larmee\/"},"wordCount":823,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/matzpen.org\/english\/#organization"},"keywords":["Giyora Neumann","Martin Barzilai"],"articleSection":["Documents","Fran\u00e7ais"],"inLanguage":"en-GB"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/matzpen.org\/english\/2009-12-31\/giyora-neumann-jai-dit-non-a-larmee\/","url":"https:\/\/matzpen.org\/english\/2009-12-31\/giyora-neumann-jai-dit-non-a-larmee\/","name":"Giyora Neumann: J\u2019ai Dit Non \u00e0 L\u2019arm\u00e9e Isra\u00e9lienne - Matzpen.org\/English","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/matzpen.org\/english\/#website"},"datePublished":"2009-12-31T16:24:23+00:00","dateModified":"2026-07-18T11:13:57+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/matzpen.org\/english\/2009-12-31\/giyora-neumann-jai-dit-non-a-larmee\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-GB","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/matzpen.org\/english\/2009-12-31\/giyora-neumann-jai-dit-non-a-larmee\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/matzpen.org\/english\/2009-12-31\/giyora-neumann-jai-dit-non-a-larmee\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/matzpen.org\/english\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Giyora Neumann: J\u2019ai Dit Non \u00e0 L\u2019arm\u00e9e Isra\u00e9lienne"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/matzpen.org\/english\/#website","url":"https:\/\/matzpen.org\/english\/","name":"Matzpen.org\/English","description":"Matzpen: The Socialist Organization in Israel","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/matzpen.org\/english\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/matzpen.org\/english\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-GB"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/matzpen.org\/english\/#organization","name":"Matzpen","url":"https:\/\/matzpen.org\/english\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-GB","@id":"https:\/\/matzpen.org\/english\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/matzpen.org\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/MatzpenLogoRed6.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/matzpen.org\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/MatzpenLogoRed6.jpg","width":416,"height":134,"caption":"Matzpen"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/matzpen.org\/english\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/matzpen","https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@MatzpenOrg"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/matzpen.org\/english\/#\/schema\/person\/26d85f9cbf3e802e6ab725c85bdb2f57","name":"Ehud Eingil","url":"https:\/\/matzpen.org\/english\/author\/eingil\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/matzpen.org\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/928","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/matzpen.org\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/matzpen.org\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/matzpen.org\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/matzpen.org\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=928"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/matzpen.org\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/928\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/matzpen.org\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=928"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/matzpen.org\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=928"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/matzpen.org\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=928"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}